Wine

teen-coder-shuts-down-open-source-mac-app-whisky,-citing-harm-to-paid-apps

Teen coder shuts down open source Mac app Whisky, citing harm to paid apps

A tipped-cap moment

The center of Whisky’s homepage. The page now carries a persistent notice that “Whisky is no longer actively maintained. Apps and games may break at any time.”

Credit: Whisky

The center of Whisky’s homepage. The page now carries a persistent notice that “Whisky is no longer actively maintained. Apps and games may break at any time.” Credit: Whisky

CodeWeavers’ CEO wrote on the company’s blog late last week about the Whisky shutdown, topped with an image of a glass of the spirit clinking against a glass of wine. “Whisky may have been a CrossOver competitor, but that’s not how we feel today,” wrote James B. Ramey. “Our response is simply one of empathy, understanding, and acknowledgement for Isaac’s situation.”

Ramey noted that Whisky was a free packaging of an open source project, crafted by someone who, like CrossOver, did it as “a labor of love built by people who care deeply about giving users more choices.” But Marovitz faced “an avalanche of user expectations,” Ramey wrote, regarding game compatibility, performance, and features. “The reality is that testing, support, and development take real resources … if CodeWeavers were not viable because of CrossOver not being sustainable, it would likely dampen the future development of WINE and Proton and support for macOS gaming,” Ramey wrote.

“We ‘tip our cap’ to Isaac and the impact he made to macOS gaming,” Ramey wrote, strangely choosing that colloquial salute instead of the more obvious beverage analogy for the two projects.

Marovitz told Ars that while user expectations were “definitely an issue,” they were not the major reason for ceasing development. “I’ve worked on other big projects before and during Whisky’s development, so I’m not a stranger to tuning out the noise of constant user expectations.”

Open source projects shutting down because of the tremendous pressure they put on their unpaid coders is a kind of “dog bites man” story in the coding world. It’s something else entirely when a prolific coder sees a larger ecosystem as not really benefiting from their otherwise very neat tool, and chooses deference. Still, during its run, the Whisky app drew attention to Mac gaming and the possibilities of Wine, and by extension Apple’s own Game Porting Toolkit, itself based on CrossOver. And likely gave a few Mac owners some great times with games they couldn’t get on their favorite platform.

Marovitz, while stepping back, is not done with Mac gaming, however. “Right now I’m working on the recompilation of Sonic Unleashed and bringing it fully to Mac, alongside other folks, but for the most part my goals and passions have remained the same,” Marovitz told Ars.

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Wine 10.0 brings Arm Windows apps to Linux, still is not an emulator

The open source Wine project—sometimes stylized WINE, for Wine Is Not an Emulator—has become an important tool for companies and individuals who want to make Windows apps and games run on operating systems like Linux or even macOS. The CrossOver software for Mac and Windows, Apple’s Game Porting Toolkit, and the Proton project that powers Valve’s SteamOS and the Steam Deck are all rooted in Wine, and the attention and resources put into the project in recent years have dramatically improved its compatibility and usefulness.

Yesterday, the Wine project announced the stable release of version 10.0, the next major version of the compatibility layer that is not an emulator. The headliner for this release is support for ARM64EC, the application binary interface (ABI) used for Arm apps in Windows 11, but the release notes say that the release contains “over 6,000 individual changes” produced over “a year of development effort.”

ARM64EC allows developers to mix Arm and x86-compatible code—if you’re making an Arm-native version of your app, you can still allow the use of more obscure x86-based plugins or add-ons without having to port everything over at once. Wine 10.0 also supports ARM64X, a different type of application binary file that allows ARM64EC code to be mixed with older, pre-Windows 11 ARM64 code.

Wine’s ARM64EC support does have one limitation that will keep it from working on some prominent Arm Linux distributions, at least by default: the release notes say it “requires the system page size to be 4K, since that is what the Windows ABI specifies.” Several prominent Linux-on-Arm distributions default to a 16K page size because it can improve performance—when page sizes are smaller, you need more of them, and managing a higher number of pages can introduce extra CPU overhead.

Asahi Linux, the Fedora-based distribution that is working to bring Linux to Apple Silicon Macs, uses 16K pages because that’s all Apple’s processors support. Some versions of the Raspberry Pi OS also default to a 16K page size, though it’s possible to switch to 4K for compatibility’s sake. Given that the Raspberry Pi and Asahi Linux are two of the biggest Linux-on-Arm projects going right now, that does at least somewhat limit the appeal of ARM64EC support in Wine. But as we’ve seen with Proton and other successful Wine-based compatibility layers, laying the groundwork now can deliver big benefits down the road.

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A long, weird FOSS circle ends as Microsoft donates Mono to Wine project

Thank you for your service (calls) —

Mono had many homes over 23 years, but Wine’s repos might be its final stop.

Man looking over the offerings at a wine store with a tablet in hand.

Enlarge / Does Mono fit between the Chilean cab sav and Argentinian malbec, or is it more of an orange, maybe?

Getty Images

Microsoft has donated the Mono Project, an open-source framework that brought its .NET platform to non-Windows systems, to the Wine community. WineHQ will be the steward of the Mono Project upstream code, while Microsoft will encourage Mono-based apps to migrate to its open source .NET framework.

As Microsoft notes on the Mono Project homepage, the last major release of Mono was in July 2019. Mono was “a trailblazer for the .NET platform across many operating systems” and was the first implementation of .NET on Android, iOS, Linux, and other operating systems.

Ximian, Novell, SUSE, Xamarin, Microsoft—now Wine

Mono began as a project of Miguel de Icaza, co-creator of the GNOME desktop. De Icaza led Ximian (originally Helix Code), aiming to bring Microsoft’s then-new .NET platform to Unix-like platforms. Ximian was acquired by Novell in 2003.

Mono was key to de Icaza’s efforts to get Microsoft’s Silverlight, a browser plug-in for “interactive rich media applications” (i.e., a Flash competitor), onto Linux systems. Novell pushed Mono as a way to develop iOS apps with C# and other .NET languages. Microsoft applied its “Community Promise” to its .NET standards in 2009, confirming its willingness to let Mono flourish outside its specific control.

By 2011, however, Novell, on its way to being acquired into obsolescence, was not doing much with Mono, and de Icaza started Xamarin to push Mono for Android. Novell (through its SUSE subsidiary) and Xamarin reached an agreement in which Xamarin would take over the IP and customers, using Mono inside Novell/SUSE.

Microsoft open-sourced most of .NET in 2014, then took it further, acquiring Xamarin entirely in 2016, putting Mono under an MIT license, and bundling Xamarin offerings into various open source projects. Mono now exists as a repository that may someday be archived, though Microsoft promises to keep binaries around for at least four years. Those who want to keep using Mono are directed to Microsoft’s “modern fork” of the project inside .NET.

What does this mean for Mono and Wine? Not much at first. Wine, a compatibility layer for Windows apps on POSIX-compliant systems, has already made use of Mono code in fixes and has its own Mono engine. By donating Mono to Wine, Microsoft has, at a minimum, erased the last bit of concern anyone might have had about the company’s control of the project. It’s a very different, open-source-conversant Microsoft making this move, of course, but regardless, it’s a good gesture.

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